HS Special Desk 
Marriage in India has long been a near-universal life-course milestone: a public ritual that organizes kinship, reproduction, economic alliances, and social status. Yet in the last two decades a clear shift has emerged, especially in cities: Indians—particularly young urbanites—are marrying later, and a growing minority are choosing not to marry at all. This article examines … Read more
Introduction Education in the United States has long been viewed as a pathway to opportunity, mobility, and democratic participation. Yet, sociological research consistently shows that schools often reproduce social inequalities rather than eliminate them. The relationship between education reforms and social justice in U.S. schools is therefore a central concern of sociology, as it reveals … Read more
Urban sociology examines how social life is shaped by city spaces, institutions, economies, and cultural patterns. In Australia, rapid urbanisation has produced a unique urban landscape where colonial history, Indigenous presence, global migration, neoliberal economic policies, and environmental challenges intersect. More than 85% of Australians live in cities, making urban sociology central to understanding Australian … Read more
Introduction The relationship between race and policing in the United States has been one of the most enduring and contested issues in American social life. From slave patrols in the colonial era to contemporary debates around police violence, racial profiling, and mass incarceration, policing has been deeply intertwined with systems of racial hierarchy. Sociologically, policing … Read more
Introduction Education is widely regarded as a key instrument for social mobility, economic development, and democratic participation. In modern societies, schooling is expected to provide equal opportunities to all individuals regardless of their social background. However, sociological research consistently shows that education systems often reproduce existing social inequalities rather than eliminate them. In Australia, despite … Read more
Introduction on American Rural Sociology Rural sociology is a specialized branch of sociology that focuses on the social structures, cultural patterns, economic conditions, and everyday lives of people living in rural areas. In the American context, rural sociology holds particular importance because rural spaces have played a foundational role in shaping the nation’s economic development, … Read more
Alfred Schutz is a central figure in interpretative sociology. His work bridges phenomenology and social action theory, deeply influencing hermeneutic traditions in sociology. For UGC NET aspirants, Schutz’s ideas on lifeworld, intersubjectivity, typification, and meaningful social action are extremely important. 1. Alfred Schutz is primarily associated with which sociological tradition? A. PositivismB. Structural FunctionalismC. Interpretative … Read more
Introduction on Homelessness and Housing Inequality Homelessness in the United States is not merely the absence of a physical roof; it is a complex social condition produced by structural economic forces, historical injustices, public policy decisions, and everyday social interactions. In recent years the problem has intensified: official counts and service providers report rising numbers … Read more
Introduction on Women Safety in India Conversations about women’s safety in India are never just about numbers. They are about lived realities—of bodies, families, workplaces, streets and justice systems—embedded in social structures. Recent datasets and reports (from national surveys to police records and global assessments) provide a mixed and often contradictory picture: while some official … Read more
Australia’s LGBTQ rights movement today sits at an uneasy but consequential crossroads. Over the past decade the country has moved from a bitter national debate about same-sex marriage to a period of substantial legal advances — while also confronting new flashpoints around religious exemptions, trans youth health, and the policing of hate and speech. This … Read more