Social Change

Student Movements: Voices of Change in 2025 – A Sociological Perspective

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Weberian Approach to Stratification in Sociological Aspect

Introduction Student movements have historically played a transformative role in shaping societies, influencing politics, culture, and public policy. From the anti-colonial struggles of the 20th century to protests against authoritarian regimes, students have consistently emerged as powerful agents of change. In 2025, student movements across the world are once again rising to prominence, fueled by … Read more

Globalisation and Cultural Changes: A Sociological Analysis

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Globalisation and Cultural Changes: A Sociological Analysis

Introduction on Globalisation and Cultural Changes Globalisation, one of the most debated phenomena of the late 20th and 21st centuries, is not limited to economic integration or political interdependence. It is equally a cultural process that redefines identities, traditions, and social practices across the globe. The shrinking of time and space through advanced communication, technology, … Read more

The Rise of Information and Communication Technology: A Sociological Perspective

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The Rise of Information and Communication Technology: A Sociological Perspective

Introduction on Information and Communication Technology The rise of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has transformed human societies in unprecedented ways. From the printing press to the internet and artificial intelligence, Information and Communication Technology has shaped how people communicate, access knowledge, build relationships, and organize their social, economic, and political lives. In sociology, Information … Read more

Ideal Types by Max Weber: A Sociological Exploration

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Weber’s Protestant Ethic: Does Capitalism Still Need Religion?

Sociology, as a scientific discipline, seeks to understand the complexity of social reality. Yet, social reality is too vast, diverse, and dynamic to be captured directly in its totality. To make sense of it, sociologists require conceptual tools that can reduce complexity without distorting meaning. One such profound methodological tool is the “Ideal Type” introduced … Read more

Meaning and Types of Social Groups — A Sociological Perspective

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Characteristics of Indian Village Community: A Sociological Perspective

Human beings are inherently social. From the family that nurtures a newborn to the online communities that connect strangers across continents, people organize themselves into groups to meet needs, express identities, and shape behaviour. In sociology, the study of social groups is central because groups are the primary units through which norms, values, roles, and … Read more

Evolutionism by Herbert Spencer: A Sociological Perspective

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Ethnocentrism and Cultural Relativism in Sociological Aspect

Introduction on Evolutionism by Herbert Spencer Herbert Spencer (1820–1903) was a prominent British philosopher, biologist, and sociologist who played a crucial role in shaping early sociological thought. Often regarded as one of the principal founders of sociological evolutionism, Spencer applied Charles Darwin’s theory of biological evolution to the study of society. His concept of “Social Darwinism”—though … Read more

Social Change in Postcolonial India: A Sociological Perspective

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Village and City in India: A Sociological Perspective

Introduction on Postcolonial India Postcolonial India has witnessed profound social transformations shaped by historical legacies, economic development, political movements, and globalization. The end of British colonial rule in 1947 marked the beginning of a new era characterized by efforts to build a democratic, secular, and egalitarian society. Sociologically, postcolonial India has been a site of … Read more

The Industrial Revolution: A Sociological Perspective

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ICT and Empowerment: A Sociological Perspective

Introduction A significant transition from agrarian economies to industrialized civilizations was brought about by the Industrial Revolution, which started in Britain in the late 18th century and eventually extended throughout Europe and North America. This period brought about technological advancements, urbanization, and significant changes in labor systems. From a sociological standpoint, the Industrial Revolution reshaped … Read more

The French Revolution: A Sociological Perspective

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The French Revolution: A Sociological Perspective

Introduction A turning point in modern history, the French Revolution (1789–1799) signaled the end of absolutist monarchy and the emergence of democratic principles. While historians often focus on its political and economic dimensions, a sociological analysis reveals deeper insights into how social structures, class conflicts, and collective behavior shaped this transformative event. From a sociological … Read more

Renaissance and Enlightenment: A Sociological Perspective

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Marxian Approach to Stratification: A Sociological Perspective

Introduction on Renaissance and Enlightenment The Renaissance (14th–17th centuries) and the Enlightenment (18th century) were two pivotal periods in European history that dramatically transformed society, culture, and intellectual thought. While the Renaissance marked the rebirth of classical knowledge and humanism, the Enlightenment emphasized reason, science, and individualism. From a sociological perspective, these movements reshaped social … Read more