Introduction on Problems of Dry Agriculture Agriculture forms the backbone of rural society, providing livelihoods to millions and shaping the social structure, economy, and culture of agrarian communities. However, not all regions enjoy the same agricultural conditions. In many parts of India and the world, agriculture is practiced in areas that receive scanty and uncertain … Read more
Introduction on Unemployment and Indebtedness Rural society forms the backbone of most developing nations, including India, where agriculture and allied activities are the main sources of livelihood. However, rural communities face persistent issues of unemployment and indebtedness, which have far-reaching social, economic, and psychological consequences. These two interlinked problems not only hinder rural development but … Read more
Introduction on Dairy and Fishery Industry The dairy and fishery industries hold significant positions in the socio-economic fabric of rural societies. These sectors are not merely economic activities but social institutions deeply embedded in community life, traditions, and relationships. From the lens of sociology, they can be viewed as integral systems that influence social organization, … Read more
Introduction The commercialization of agriculture represents one of the most significant transformations in rural societies, particularly in the developing world. It refers to the process through which agriculture shifts from subsistence-oriented production—where farmers grow primarily for household consumption—to market-oriented production, where crops and livestock are produced mainly for sale and profit. This transformation is not … Read more
Introduction on Rural-Urban Differences The distinction between rural and urban societies has been a central theme in sociology since its inception. Sociologists like Ferdinand Tönnies, Emile Durkheim, and Robert Redfield have explored how patterns of life, social structures, and values differ between rural and urban settings. While both are integral parts of the same national … Read more
Introduction on Meaning and Types of Village The village has always been considered the backbone of traditional societies, especially in agrarian countries like India. From a sociological viewpoint, the village is not just a geographical settlement but a living social organism that reflects the fundamental patterns of human association, culture, and economy. Villages represent the … Read more