Social Integration

Loneliness in Modern Cities: What Durkheim Would Say

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Alienation in Marx Theory: Do We All Feel Disconnected Today?

Introduction: The Paradox of Urban Connection Modern cities are often described as the epicentres of opportunity, progress, and connectivity. Skyscrapers, bustling streets, and digital communication networks give the impression of a hyperconnected world. Yet beneath this glittering façade lies a profound social problem — loneliness. Despite being surrounded by millions, urban dwellers increasingly experience isolation, … Read more

Functionalist Perspective of Education: Durkheim and Parsons

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Functionalist Perspective of Education: Durkheim and Parsons

Introduction on Functionalist Perspective of Education Education is one of the most vital social institutions that shapes individuals and sustains social order. From a sociological perspective, education is not only a means to acquire knowledge but also a mechanism through which societies transmit culture, values, and norms across generations. Among the classical and modern sociologists, … Read more

Functional Approach to Stratification: A Sociological Perspective

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Marxian Approach to Stratification: A Sociological Perspective

Introduction on Functional Approach to Stratification Social stratification refers to the hierarchical arrangement of individuals and groups in society based on factors such as class, caste, status, power, wealth, and prestige. It shapes access to resources, life chances, and opportunities, making it one of the central concerns in sociology. Among the many perspectives that explain … Read more

Relative Isolation vs. Social Integration – A Comparative Study of Indian Villages

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Self-Sufficiency in Traditional Indian Villages: Myth or Reality?

Introduction India, with its vast rural landscape, presents a complex interplay between relative isolation and social integration in its villages. While some villages remain relatively isolated due to geographical, economic, and cultural barriers, others are increasingly integrated into broader social, economic, and political networks. This comparative study explores the sociological implications of these two contrasting … Read more