Materialism

Historical Materialism by Karl Marx: A Sociological Perspective

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Historical Materialism by Karl Marx: A Sociological Perspective

Introduction Karl Marx (1818–1883), one of the most influential thinkers in sociology, philosophy, and political economy, developed the theory of Historical Materialism as the foundation of his analysis of society and social change. Historical Materialism refers to the view that material conditions—especially the mode of production and the relations of production—are the driving forces behind … Read more

Global Environmentalism: A Challenge to the Post-Materialism Thesis

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Global Environmentalism Challenges Post-Materialism Thesis

Introduction The Post-Materialism Thesis, introduced by Ronald Inglehart in the 1970s, argues that as societies become more economically secure, their citizens shift their values from material concerns (such as economic stability and physical security) to post-material concerns (such as environmental protection, gender equality, and freedom of expression). According to Inglehart, this shift occurs due to … Read more