Introduction The criminal justice system in India is a complex structure designed to maintain social order, deliver justice, and rehabilitate offenders. However, it is often criticized for being slow, inefficient, and biased against marginalized communities. Over the years, various reform committees have been established to address these issues and recommend changes to make the system … Read more
Introduction on Ram Manohar Lohia Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia (1910–1967) was a prominent socialist leader, thinker, and activist in post-independence India. His contributions to Indian politics and social movements were deeply rooted in his critique of caste, class, and gender hierarchies. Lohia’s ideology emphasized the empowerment of marginalized groups—Dalits, women, peasants, and backward castes—through radical … Read more
Introduction Dr. Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar (1891–1956), popularly known as Babasaheb Ambedkar, was a jurist, social reformer, economist, and the chief architect of the Indian Constitution. His life and work were dedicated to the upliftment of marginalized communities, particularly Dalits (formerly known as “untouchables”), Adivasis, and other oppressed groups in India. From a sociological perspective, Ambedkar’s … Read more
Introduction Jyotirao Govindrao Phule (1827–1890), popularly known as Mahatma Jotiba Phule, was a pioneering social reformer, thinker, and activist in 19th-century India. His work laid the foundation for anti-caste movements and the empowerment of marginalized communities, including Shudras, Ati-Shudras (Dalits), and women. From a sociological perspective, Phule’s contributions were revolutionary as he challenged the entrenched … Read more
Introduction Social exclusion and marginalization are critical concepts in sociology that describe the processes through which individuals or groups are systematically pushed to the fringes of society, denied access to resources, opportunities, and participation in social, economic, and political life. These phenomena reinforce inequality and perpetuate cycles of poverty, discrimination, and disempowerment. From a sociological … Read more
Introduction Marginalisation is a pervasive social phenomenon that excludes certain groups from full participation in economic, political, and cultural life. Sociologists have employed various theories to understand the mechanisms behind marginalisation, one of which is Relative Deprivation Theory (RDT). This theory explains how individuals or groups perceive themselves as disadvantaged compared to others, leading to feelings … Read more
Introduction Marginalisation is a pervasive social phenomenon that affects individuals and groups who are pushed to the edges of society, often due to cultural, economic, or political factors. The concept of the “Marginal Man” was first introduced by sociologist Robert E. Park in 1928 to describe individuals who exist between two distinct cultures but are not fully integrated into … Read more
Sir Syed Ahmad Khan (1817–1898) was a visionary reformer, educator, and social thinker whose contributions to Indian society during the 19th century were transformative. His work was deeply rooted in the sociological realities of his time, and his efforts to embrace modernity, question regressive traditions, and re-vision the future of Indian Muslims and the broader … Read more
Raja Ram Mohan Roy, often hailed as the “Father of the Indian Renaissance,” was a visionary social reformer, thinker, and intellectual who played a pivotal role in shaping modern India. His contributions to Indian society were not limited to religious or political reforms but extended to the broader sociological transformation of a nation grappling with … Read more
India, a land of diverse cultures, religions, and ethnicities, has long been celebrated for its pluralism and unity in diversity. However, beneath this veneer of harmony lies a persistent and troubling issue: the insecurity and violence faced by minority communities. This problem is not merely a matter of law and order but is deeply rooted … Read more