HS Special Desk 
Introduction on Theory of Risk Society of Modernity The transformation of societies in the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries has led to new forms of challenges that transcend traditional boundaries of class, geography, and politics. Among the thinkers who deeply analyzed these transformations, Ulrich Beck, a German sociologist, stands out for introducing the concept … Read more
Introduction on Vulnerability and Risk Assessment In the modern world, individuals, communities and societies constantly encounter risks ranging from natural disasters to technological hazards, economic insecurities, and social inequalities. The ability to understand and manage these risks is not only a technical or environmental issue but also deeply rooted in sociological realities. Vulnerability and risk … Read more
Introduction on Hazards and Disasters Hazards and disasters are often understood in terms of physical destruction, economic loss, or environmental degradation. However, they are also profoundly social phenomena. While a hazard refers to a potential threat arising from natural or human-induced causes, a disaster occurs when that hazard interacts with human vulnerability and social structures, … Read more
Introduction on Understanding Risk in Sociology Risk is an inevitable part of human life and social existence. From health hazards, economic uncertainties, and environmental disasters to technological failures, individuals and societies constantly face situations involving risk. Traditionally, risk has been understood in terms of probability and uncertainty, often studied within economics, engineering, or natural sciences. … Read more
Introduction Human history is deeply marked by migration and displacement. From ancient trade routes to modern globalization, people have continuously moved across borders, forming diasporas that shape cultural, social, and political landscapes. The term diaspora refers to communities that live outside their ancestral homeland but retain connections—emotional, cultural, economic, or political—to their place of origin. … Read more
Introduction The concept of diaspora has become increasingly significant in contemporary sociology, particularly in the context of globalization, migration, transnationalism, and identity formation. Diaspora refers not only to the physical dispersion of people from their homeland but also to the cultural, social, and emotional bonds they maintain across borders. It encapsulates experiences of belonging, displacement, … Read more
Introduction on AI Replacing Jobs The rise of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the 21st century represents one of the most profound transformations in the history of work. From automated factories to algorithm-driven customer service, AI technologies are increasingly taking over functions that were once the domain of human labor. This development raises critical questions about … Read more
Introduction on Humanistic Theory of Personality Personality has always been a subject of interest in sociology and psychology because it shapes how individuals interact within society. While psychology often focuses on the inner mechanisms of personality, sociology explores how personal traits influence, and are influenced by, social contexts, structures, and relationships. Carl Rogers, one of … Read more
Introduction on War and Society War has been one of the most defining forces in human history. From ancient tribal battles to world wars and contemporary conflicts, wars have left a profound imprint not only on political structures and national boundaries but also on societies and communities. The sociological study of war examines how conflicts … Read more
Introduction on Sociology of Democracy Democracy, as a form of governance, thrives on informed participation, open dialogue, and trust in institutions. Citizens are expected to deliberate, evaluate competing claims, and make decisions that shape the political order. However, in the contemporary world, the phenomenon of fake news—fabricated information presented as fact with the intent to … Read more