Structural Racism

Is America a Post-Racial Society? A Sociological Examination

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Why Political Polarization is Increasing in America: A Sociological Analysis

Introduction The idea of a “post-racial society” gained global attention in the early twenty-first century, particularly after the election of Barack Obama as President of the United States in 2008. Many commentators claimed that America had finally moved beyond race, discrimination, and structural inequality. According to this view, race no longer significantly shaped social opportunities, … Read more

The Sociology of Race and Policing in the United States

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Social Change in the United States in the 21st Century: A Sociological Perspective

Introduction The relationship between race and policing in the United States has been one of the most enduring and contested issues in American social life. From slave patrols in the colonial era to contemporary debates around police violence, racial profiling, and mass incarceration, policing has been deeply intertwined with systems of racial hierarchy. Sociologically, policing … Read more