Introduction Energy resources play a fundamental role in shaping the economic, social, and political structure of modern societies. Among the various forms of energy used in households, Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) has become one of the most important sources of cooking fuel in India. Over the last two decades, government policies such as the Pradhan … Read more
The sudden escalation of direct military action between the United States, Israel and Iran marks a turning point not only in regional security but in the social architecture that underpins the contemporary global order. Beyond battlefield maps and headline metrics, the conflict is reconfiguring identities, norms, institutions, economic patterns, and everyday social life across diverse … Read more
Introduction The idea of a “post-racial society” gained global attention in the early twenty-first century, particularly after the election of Barack Obama as President of the United States in 2008. Many commentators claimed that America had finally moved beyond race, discrimination, and structural inequality. According to this view, race no longer significantly shaped social opportunities, … Read more
Introduction Language is far more than a medium of communication. It is a social institution, a cultural archive, and a powerful marker of identity. From a sociological perspective, language shapes how individuals perceive themselves, how communities define belonging, and how power operates within society. Among all forms of language, the mother tongue occupies a special … Read more
Introduction Beauty has never been merely about physical appearance. Across societies and historical periods, ideas of beauty have been socially constructed, culturally regulated, and politically enforced. From slim bodies glorified in Western fashion industries to fair skin valorized in postcolonial societies, beauty norms have functioned as powerful social standards that shape identity, self-worth, and social … Read more
Introduction In the twenty-first century, nationalism and identity politics have emerged as powerful forces shaping political, social, and cultural life across the world. From the resurgence of right-wing nationalism in Europe and the United States to ethnic and religious movements in Asia, Africa, and the Middle East, identity-based mobilization has become central to contemporary politics. … Read more
U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) stands at the center of one of the most contentious debates in contemporary American society. As a federal agency tasked with enforcing immigration laws, ICE has major responsibility for detaining non-citizens, deporting alleged immigration violators, and investigating crimes connected to border and immigration violations. However, over recent months — … Read more
Introduction Indian society has always been characterized by strong cultural traditions, collective family life, respect for elders, and moral values rooted in religion and community. For centuries, these values shaped the behavior, aspirations, and identity of young people. However, in the 21st century, rapid social change has transformed the value system of Indian youth. Globalization, … Read more
Introduction India is often described as a land of traditions—joint families, caste-based communities, village life, religious rituals, and deep-rooted cultural norms. However, rapid social change driven by urbanization, globalization, education, and technology has raised an important sociological question: Is traditional Indian society disappearing? From a sociological perspective, this question cannot be answered in simple yes-or-no … Read more
Marriage in India has long been a near-universal life-course milestone: a public ritual that organizes kinship, reproduction, economic alliances, and social status. Yet in the last two decades a clear shift has emerged, especially in cities: Indians—particularly young urbanites—are marrying later, and a growing minority are choosing not to marry at all. This article examines … Read more