Hub Sociology Desk

The International Classification of Functioning (ICF) Model of Disability

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Civil Society Organizations and Disability Rights Movements in India: A Sociological Perspective

Introduction Disability is a complex and multifaceted phenomenon that has been understood and interpreted in various ways across different societies and academic disciplines. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF), developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2001, provides a comprehensive framework for understanding disability beyond the traditional medical model. Unlike earlier models … Read more

The Social Model of Disability: A Sociological Perspective

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From Structuralism to Post-Structuralism

Introduction of Social Model of Disability Disability has long been a subject of study in sociology, with various models emerging to explain the experiences of disabled individuals in society. One of the most influential frameworks is the Social Model of Disability, which shifts the focus from individual impairments to societal barriers that restrict participation. This model … Read more

The Medical Model of Disability: A Sociological Perspective

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Rights of Persons with Disabilities (RPWD) Act, 2016

Introduction Disability is a complex and multifaceted phenomenon that has been conceptualized in various ways across different disciplines. In sociology, the understanding of disability has evolved significantly, moving from a purely medical or individualistic perspective to a more social and structural one. The medical model of disability is one of the earliest and most dominant frameworks for … Read more

Global Environmentalism: A Challenge to the Post-Materialism Thesis

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Global Environmentalism Challenges Post-Materialism Thesis

Introduction The Post-Materialism Thesis, introduced by Ronald Inglehart in the 1970s, argues that as societies become more economically secure, their citizens shift their values from material concerns (such as economic stability and physical security) to post-material concerns (such as environmental protection, gender equality, and freedom of expression). According to Inglehart, this shift occurs due to … Read more

Environmental Justice, Policy, and Action

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Environmental Justice: Sociological Policy and Action

Introduction Environmental justice (EJ) is a critical framework that examines the unequal distribution of environmental benefits and burdens across different social groups, particularly marginalized communities. Rooted in sociology, environmental justice highlights how race, class, gender, and other social hierarchies influence exposure to pollution, access to natural resources, and participation in environmental decision-making. Policies and actions … Read more

Development and Environmental Policies and Acts of India

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Sustainable Development: A Sociological Perspective

Introduction on Development and Environmental Policies India, as one of the fastest-growing economies in the world, presents a major challenge: reconciling rapid industrialization and urbanization with environmental sustainability. The country’s development trajectory has been marked by significant economic progress, but it has also led to ecological degradation, displacement of communities, and social inequities. Environmental policies … Read more

Challenges of Empowering Marginalized Communities

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Challenges of Empowering Marginalized Communities

Introduction Empowerment of marginalized communities—such as racial and ethnic minorities, women, LGBTQ+ individuals, people with disabilities, and economically disadvantaged populations—is a critical goal for achieving social justice and equality. However, the process of empowerment is fraught with numerous challenges rooted in historical, structural, cultural, and institutional barriers. From a sociological perspective, these challenges stem from … Read more

Affirmative Action for Marginalized Groups

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Derrida and Deconstruction

Introduction Affirmative action refers to policies and practices designed to address historical and systemic inequalities faced by marginalized groups in education, employment, and other social institutions. These policies aim to promote equal opportunities for individuals from disadvantaged backgrounds, including racial and ethnic minorities, women, people with disabilities, and other underrepresented communities. Affirmative action is an … Read more

Social Justice and Concept of Equality

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The Role of Judiciary in Ensuring Social Justice

Introduction Social justice and equality are foundational concepts in sociology, shaping discussions on fairness, rights, and opportunities within societies. These ideas are central to understanding how societies distribute resources, power, and privileges among different groups. From a sociological perspective, social justice refers to the equitable distribution of wealth, opportunities, and privileges, while equality pertains to … Read more

Patriarchy and Marginalization: A Sociological Perspective

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Feminist Theory in Sociology: Waves, Ideologies, and Impact

Introduction of Patriarchy and Marginalization Patriarchy and marginalization are two interconnected systems that shape social hierarchies, power dynamics, and access to resources in societies worldwide. Patriarchy refers to a social system in which men hold primary power, dominating in roles of political leadership, moral authority, social privilege, and control over property. Marginalization, on the other … Read more