society

Emergence of Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs)

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Accommodation, Integration, Acculturation and Assimilation in Sociological Aspect

Introduction Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) have become a significant force in contemporary society, addressing issues ranging from poverty alleviation and human rights to environmental sustainability and public health. Their emergence and proliferation can be understood through various sociological lenses, including functionalism, conflict theory, and social movement theory. This article explores the rise of Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) … Read more

Meaning and Significance of NGOs in Sociological Perspective

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Nature of Social Research in Sociological Aspect

Introduction Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) have become a crucial part of modern society, playing a significant role in social development, advocacy, and humanitarian efforts. From a sociological perspective, NGOs serve as intermediaries between the state, market, and civil society, addressing gaps in governance, welfare, and social justice. They act as agents of social change, empowering marginalized … Read more

The Medical Model of Disability: A Sociological Perspective

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Rights of Persons with Disabilities (RPWD) Act, 2016

Introduction Disability is a complex and multifaceted phenomenon that has been conceptualized in various ways across different disciplines. In sociology, the understanding of disability has evolved significantly, moving from a purely medical or individualistic perspective to a more social and structural one. The medical model of disability is one of the earliest and most dominant frameworks for … Read more

Global Environmentalism: A Challenge to the Post-Materialism Thesis

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Global Environmentalism Challenges Post-Materialism Thesis

Introduction The Post-Materialism Thesis, introduced by Ronald Inglehart in the 1970s, argues that as societies become more economically secure, their citizens shift their values from material concerns (such as economic stability and physical security) to post-material concerns (such as environmental protection, gender equality, and freedom of expression). According to Inglehart, this shift occurs due to … Read more

Development and Environmental Policies and Acts of India

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Sustainable Development: A Sociological Perspective

Introduction on Development and Environmental Policies India, as one of the fastest-growing economies in the world, presents a major challenge: reconciling rapid industrialization and urbanization with environmental sustainability. The country’s development trajectory has been marked by significant economic progress, but it has also led to ecological degradation, displacement of communities, and social inequities. Environmental policies … Read more

Challenges of Empowering Marginalized Communities

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Challenges of Empowering Marginalized Communities

Introduction Empowerment of marginalized communities—such as racial and ethnic minorities, women, LGBTQ+ individuals, people with disabilities, and economically disadvantaged populations—is a critical goal for achieving social justice and equality. However, the process of empowerment is fraught with numerous challenges rooted in historical, structural, cultural, and institutional barriers. From a sociological perspective, these challenges stem from … Read more

Patriarchy and Marginalization: A Sociological Perspective

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Feminist Theory in Sociology: Waves, Ideologies, and Impact

Introduction of Patriarchy and Marginalization Patriarchy and marginalization are two interconnected systems that shape social hierarchies, power dynamics, and access to resources in societies worldwide. Patriarchy refers to a social system in which men hold primary power, dominating in roles of political leadership, moral authority, social privilege, and control over property. Marginalization, on the other … Read more

Contemporary Developments in the Punishment System

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50 MCQs on Emile Durkheim for Sociology UGC NET Exam

Introduction The punishment system has undergone significant transformations over the centuries, reflecting broader societal changes in values, legal philosophies, and power structures. From retributive justice to rehabilitative approaches, the way societies punish offenders is deeply intertwined with cultural, economic, and political contexts. In contemporary times, new developments in criminology, technology, and social justice movements have … Read more

Philosophies of Punishment: A Sociological Perspective

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Sociology of Crime: Why Inequality Breeds Violence

Introduction Punishment is a fundamental aspect of social control, serving as a mechanism to maintain order, enforce norms, and regulate behavior within society. Sociologists examine punishment not merely as a legal or moral response to crime but as a complex social institution shaped by historical, cultural, and political forces. Various philosophies of punishment—retribution, deterrence, rehabilitation, … Read more

Universal Health Coverage: A Sociological Perspective

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Jürgen Habermas: The Concept of Lifeworld and System in Sociological Perspective

Introduction on Universal Health Coverage Universal Health Coverage (UHC) is a global health policy goal aimed at ensuring that all individuals and communities receive the health services they need without suffering financial hardship. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines UHC as encompassing the full spectrum of essential, quality health services, from health promotion to prevention, … Read more