Hub Sociology Desk 
Introduction on Role of Leadership and Ideology Social movements are collective efforts by groups of people who seek to bring about, resist, or reverse social change. They represent organized challenges to existing power structures, social norms, and cultural values. In sociology, social movements are analyzed not only in terms of their goals and strategies but … Read more
Introduction Preparing for the UGC NET Sociology exam requires a strong understanding of classical and modern sociologists, and among them, Robert K. Merton holds a special place. Known for his contributions to functionalism, middle-range theory, sociology of science, and theories of deviance, Merton’s ideas continue to shape sociological research and practice. To help aspirants strengthen … Read more
Introduction on Peter L Berger on Contemporary Approaches Religion has been one of the central concerns of sociology since its inception. Thinkers like Émile Durkheim, Karl Marx, and Max Weber laid the classical foundations for studying religion as a social phenomenon. However, in the twentieth century, Peter L Berger (1929–2017) emerged as one of the … Read more
Introduction on Weberian Approach Religion has always been a central theme in sociology, shaping societies and influencing individual lives across history. Among the classical sociologists, Max Weber provided a distinctive approach to the study of religion, which differed from the earlier perspectives of Karl Marx and Émile Durkheim. While Marx viewed religion largely as an … Read more
Introduction Religion has long been central to sociology, not as a matter of divine truth but as a social institution that influences human behavior, relationships, and culture. The functional approach to the study of religion examines religion in terms of the roles it performs for individuals and society rather than its theological content. This approach … Read more
Introduction on Religion and Politics India is one of the most religiously diverse societies in the world, often described as the cradle of pluralism. Hinduism, Islam, Christianity, Sikhism, Buddhism, Jainism, Judaism, and Zoroastrianism coexist within its socio-cultural framework. Religion has been central to shaping social identity, community life, and collective consciousness. Politics, on the other … Read more
Introduction on Nation and State The nation-state is one of the most significant institutions in the modern world, shaping politics, culture, economy, and identity. It represents a fusion of two ideas: the nation, a cultural and social community bound by shared history, language, ethnicity, or values, and the state, a political and legal entity with … Read more
Introduction on Globalization and Economic Changes Globalization, in its simplest definition, refers to the increasing interconnectedness of the world through the movement of goods, services, information, ideas, technology, and people across national borders. While often studied in economics and political science, sociology provides a deeper lens to understand globalization—not merely as an economic process but … Read more
Introduction Globalization, as a multifaceted process, has fundamentally altered the way societies interact and organize themselves. It refers to the intensification of worldwide social relations, economic exchanges, and cultural interconnectedness. One of the most significant sociological consequences of globalization is migration—the movement of people across borders, regions, and continents. Migration has always been a part … Read more
Introduction on Multi-National Corporations (MNCs) In the age of globalization, Multi-National Corporations (MNCs) have emerged as some of the most powerful institutions shaping the economic, political, and cultural dynamics of society. These are enterprises that operate across national boundaries, managing production or delivering services in more than one country. While economists often analyze Multi-National Corporations … Read more