Hub Sociology Desk 
Introduction Society is a dynamic entity, constantly shaped by the interaction of individuals, groups and institutions. Social movements, the state, and civil society represent three crucial dimensions in this dynamic process. While social movements emerge from the grassroots to express demands, grievances, and aspirations of people, the state functions as a central authority that regulates … Read more
Introduction on Sources and Causes of Mobility Social mobility refers to the movement of individuals or groups from one social status to another within a society. It can be upward (improvement in status, income, or prestige) or downward (loss of position or power). The concept is central in sociology because it highlights the dynamics of … Read more
Introduction on Claude Lévi-Strauss Claude Lévi-Strauss (1908–2009) stands as one of the most influential anthropologists and social theorists of the twentieth century, renowned for developing structuralism in anthropology. Claude Lévi-Strauss work fundamentally transformed the study of culture, kinship, and myth by uncovering the deep mental structures that shape human societies. Drawing inspiration from linguistics, especially … Read more
Introduction on Caste and Class Stratification Human society has always been organized around systems of stratification that determine access to resources, power, and prestige. Two of the most important and widely discussed forms of social stratification are caste and class. Both represent hierarchical structures, yet they differ in their basis, rigidity, and implications for social … Read more
Introduction Religion has been one of the most powerful forces in shaping societies, cultures, and civilizations throughout history. While religion often provides moral guidance, a sense of belonging, and a framework for values, it can also be the source of conflict, intolerance, and rigid dogmas. One of the most debated phenomena in sociology is religious … Read more
Introduction on Risk in Mass Media In contemporary society, risk has become a central theme in public life. Risks are not only material or environmental but also discursive, shaped by how they are represented, circulated, and understood in the public domain. Among the most influential institutions in shaping public perception of risk is the mass … Read more
Introduction Religious conversion is one of the most fascinating and contested phenomena within the study of religion and society. It refers to the process of changing one’s religious affiliation, belief system, or spiritual orientation from one tradition to another. Sociologically, it is not merely a personal or spiritual experience but also a social act, shaped … Read more
Introduction on Factors of Abnormal Behaviour Human behaviour is shaped by a complex interaction of biological, psychological, and social forces. While most behaviours are considered normal and socially acceptable, certain patterns deviate significantly from societal expectations and are classified as abnormal behaviour. In sociology and social psychology, abnormal behaviour is understood not only as a … Read more
Introduction The idea of reflexive modernization emerged in late 20th-century sociological debates, particularly through the works of Ulrich Beck and Anthony Giddens, who analyzed the transformations of modern societies under the conditions of global risk, advanced technology, and changing social relations. Unlike classical modernization theory, which focused on industrialization, rationalization, and linear progress, reflexive modernization … Read more
Introduction on Perception and Management of Risk Risk is an inseparable element of social life. Every human society, whether traditional or modern, faces uncertainties that threaten its stability and well-being. From natural disasters and health crises to technological hazards and financial instability, risk is embedded in everyday existence. However, the way societies perceive risk and … Read more